What is an example of energy conversion?

An example of energy conversion occurs when energy changes from one form to another. The correct choice illustrates a hydroelectric dam, which converts gravitational potential energy into electrical energy. In a hydroelectric system, water stored in a reservoir has gravitational potential energy due to its elevation. When the water flows down through turbines, this potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy, which then drives the turbines to generate electrical energy. This transformation effectively illustrates how energy can change from one type to another to produce usable power.

The other choices do not correctly represent energy conversion. For instance, a wind turbine does not harness solar energy; instead, it converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy. Similarly, a thermal power station typically relies on heat energy from burning fuels, not wind. Lastly, lightbulbs convert electrical energy into light and heat, not nuclear energy, which is produced through different processes involving nuclear reactions. Each of these factors emphasizes the importance of clearly understanding the specific types of energy involved in various systems.