What is gravitational potential energy?

Gravitational potential energy refers to the energy that an object possesses due to its height in a gravitational field. When an object is raised to a certain height, it has the potential to do work as a result of the gravitational force acting on it. This potential energy increases with both the height of the object and the mass of the object. Essentially, the higher you lift an object, the more gravitational potential energy it stores, because it has the potential to fall back down under the influence of gravity, thereby converting that stored energy into kinetic energy as it moves.

The other options, while related to concepts of energy and gravity, do not accurately define gravitational potential energy. The second option speaks about energy produced by gravitational forces between masses, which is more about gravitational attraction rather than potential energy. The third choice refers to harnessing energy from Earth's gravity, which suggests a practical application rather than defining what gravitational potential energy is. Lastly, the fourth option focuses on energy related to rotational motion, which is a completely different form of energy unrelated to gravitational potential energy.