What method is typically used to generate energy from geothermal sources?

Generating energy from geothermal sources typically involves using heat pumps, which are designed to extract heat from the ground or from hot water reservoirs beneath the earth's surface. Geothermal heat pumps work by circulating a fluid through pipes buried underground, where it absorbs heat during cooler months or releases heat into the ground during warmer months. This process is a highly efficient way to harness the thermal energy stored in the earth and convert it into usable energy for heating and electricity generation.

The key characteristic of geothermal energy production is its reliance on the natural heat generated by the earth, rather than chemical processes or mechanical means. This distinguishes heat pumps as the suitable method for tapping into geothermal energy, as they directly interact with the Earth's thermal dynamics.